Avaliação de parâmetros nutricionais e clínicos como fatores de risco para hipertensão arterial

Abstract

Systemic arterial hypertension (SAH) is a highly prevalent disease, considered a major problem worldwide public health due to its risks and control difficulties. It is a chronic disease of multifactorial origin, in many cases asymptomatic, a fact that complicates the diagnosis and therefore treatment. The diagnosis of hypertension is usually done when blood pressure (BP) reaches 140 mmHg and diastolic 90 mmHg. Sodium intake in amounts above the recommended 5g a day is arguably a precursor to raising factor of the pressure level and metabolic changes that cause overload in various organs. This study was aimed to evaluate the nutritional and clinical parameters as risk factors for Hypertension. This was cross-sectional, quantitative prospective study in which they were university evaluated enrolled in a private university in Bauru - SP, in August 2015, through random approach, applying a questionnaire to identify risk factors for hypertension, as well, taste sensitivity to salt test, with the outcome of the ceiling. The research was submitted to the Ethics in Research Committee of USC and after assent under number 1176940, participated in the study voluntarily, 426 college students. The variables were described by their absolute and relative frequencies. Associations between the types of housing and dining venues as well as the consumption of salt and anthropometric, lifestyle, risk for increased blood pressure and cardiovascular disease were performed using the chi -square test at 5 % significance level. The results showed 250 (59%) women and 176 (41%) of different undergraduate courses, where 264 (62%) travel to Bauru every day, 329 (77%) said they were white and 337 (79%) reported no have any cardiovascular disease. Or risk factors for hypertension, 37 (9%) had blood pressure values higher than those recommended for their age. It concludes that it is important to adopt educational strategies, aimed especially at this group, that focus on the importance of diet and a healthy lifestyle.